IT IS NOW APPARENT to even the most casual observer that syphilis is resurgent in the US. This rise has been seen in both private practice and public clinics. Primary and secondary syphilis, the two most infectious stages of this disease, have risen from a low of 6,323 reported cases in 1957 to 20,540 cases in 1962, an increase of 225%.1In 1962 the reported incidence of primary and secondary syphilis was only 20,540, but the actual incidence, based on the recently completed national survey by the American Social Health Association and the AMA was 68,976. This study shows also that three fourths of the cases of syphilis and gonorrhea occurring in this country are being treated by physicians in private practice in their own office. See also p 831 Syphilis can be controlled; but whether or not it is depends on the private physician. He is usually the