Fatal Pulmonary Hemorrhage After Use of the Flow-Directed Balloon-Tipped Catheter

Abstract

The flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter is used in intensive care units, catheterization laboratories, operating rooms and emergency wards. Major complications associated with its use were not reported. In a 2 yr period in 4 hospitals, 5 cases of fatal pulmonary hemorrhage resulting from balloon-tipped catheters were identified, 4 additional cases are reviewed. Possible mechanisms and predisposing factors associated with this complication and guidelines for safe use of the catheters are discussed. Pulmonary artery rupture is more common than previously reported.