myo-Inositol Trisphosphate Mobilizes Calcium from Fusogenic Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Protoplasts

Abstract
To determine whether or not inositol trisphosphate (IP3) mobilizes calcium in higher plant cells, we investigated the effect of IP3 on Ca2+ fluxes in fusogenic carrot (Daucus carota L.) protoplasts. The protoplasts were incubated in 45Ca2+-containing medium and the 45Ca2+ associated with the protoplasts was monitored with time. Addition of IP3 (20 micromolar) caused a 17% net loss of the accumulated 45Ca2+ within 4 minutes. There was a reuptake of 45Ca2+ and the protoplasts recovered to their initial value by 10 minutes. Phytic acid (IP6), also stimulated 45Ca2+ efflux from the protoplasts. Both the IP3- and the IP6-induced 45Ca2+ efflux were inhibited by the calmodulin antagonist, trifluoperazine.