Determination of the Rate Limiting Step for Photosynthesis in a Nearly Isonuclear Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Biotype Resistant to Atrazine

Abstract

Plant biotypes that are resistant to S-triazines under most conditions often grow less vigorously and have lower quantum yields and lower maximum rates of photosynthesis. The photosynthetic reactions responsible for these effects were identified in whole leaves and thylakoids of nearly isonuclear lines of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The lower quantum yield was a result of poor efficiency in the use of separated charge at the photosystem II reaction center. Charge separation occurred normally, but over 30% of the charges recombined instead of being used for oxygen evolution and for reduction capacity in photosystem I. The lower maximum rate of photosynthesis in the resistant biotype was set by the transfer of electrons between the primary, Q_A, and secondary, Q_B, acceptors of photosystem II. This charge transfer reaction became rate limiting in resistant biotypes. The decreased quantum yield and decreased maximum rate of photosynthesis are both believed to be consequences of changes in the 32 kilodalton herbicide binding protein. As such, it is likely that these traits will not be genetically separable.