Erythropoietin as a Tissue-Protective Cytokine in Brain Injury: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?
- 1 April 2004
- journal article
- review article
- Published by SAGE Publications in The Neuroscientist
- Vol. 10 (2), 93-98
- https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858403259187
Abstract
In the 10 years since neurotrophic activity was first reported for erythropoietin (EPO), a broad understanding of its multiple paracrine/autocrine functions has emerged. Recent studies firmly establish EPO as a multifunctional molecule, typical of the pliotrophic cytokine superfamily of which it is a member. The realization that EPO activates neuroprotection by multiple mechanisms has identified a generalized system of local tissue protection with EPO as a critical component. Here, the authors characterize the biology of the local tissue-protective system, review data that support this concept, and suggest why non-hematopoietic analogues of EPO may be better choices as therapeutics.Keywords
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