Isolated vertebrae collected from the early Campanian (Aquilan) Upper Milk River Formation, Alberta, are referred to two species of snakes: the first is aniliid-like and probably most closely allied to the late Maestrichtian (Lancian) Coniophis precedens Marsh 1892 from the United States, and the second, although possibly aniliid, is of otherwise indeterminate affinities. The occurrence of these snakes, at present the geologically oldest known in the New World, is consistent with suggestions that the Aniliidae had an origin in Laurasia rather than Gondwana, and that the Aniliidae may be close to the primitive ophidian stock.