Biotechnological Advances in Biomass Energy and Chemical Production: Impacts on Wildlife and Habitat

Abstract

One promising application of biotechnology is in making the production of energy and chemical products from plants (“biomass”) practical. Applications include new markets for crops and reduction of wastes by using field residues or “wastelands” as feedstocks in biomass energy production. In addition, engineered crops could synthesize complex compounds. However, conversion to widespread use of biomass could have undesirable impacts. For example, changes in cropping practices may reduce wildlife populations or disrupt food chains. Other negative impacts of an environmentally insensitive development might include increased release of CO2 (worsening global warming), and production of wastes, either water, chemical or biological, that present disposal problems. Biotechnology applied to biomass and chemical production has the potential for aiding economic development while greatly improving environmental quality. Environmental concerns are expressed in this paper, in the belief that consideration of potential problems at the inception of a technology increases the likelihood that environmentally sound courses will be pursued.