INVESTIGATIONS INTO MECHANISM OF REDUCTION OF ETHANOL SLEEP BY THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE (TRH)

Abstract

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), administered i.p., antagonized ethanol-induced sleep and hypothermia in mice without affecting brain ethanol content. This reduction of the actions of ethanol was also apparent after oral or intracisternal administration of TRH. In addition, TRH reduced ethanol-induced sleep in rats, hamsters, gerbils and guinea pigs. Evidence that the pituitary-thyroid axis is not necessary for the effects of TRH was provided by observations that hypophysectomy did not reduce TRH antagonism of ethanol narcosis and findings that neither triiodothyronine nor thyrotropin mimicked its action. Certain analogs of TRH, which have little effect on the pituitary, also antagonized ethanol-induced sleep and hypothermia. Pretreatment with the antiadrenergic drugs, .alpha.-methyltyrosine, phentolamine and propranolol did not antagonize the ability of TRH to reduce sleep induced by ethanol. After intracisternal administration of atropine methyl nitrate, TRH no longer caused a significant reduction of sleep, even though TRH antagonism of the ethanol-induced hypothermia was still apparent. Central administration of other anticholinergic drugs, such as d-tubocurarine and hexamethonium, reduced ethanol-induced sleep and this effect was additive with TRH. Carbachol also reduced ethanol sleeping time and this effect was also blocked by atropine methyl nitrate. The antagonism of ethanol-induced sleep by dibutyryl cyclic AMP was significantly reduced but not blocked by atropine methyl nitrate. TRH has a direct extrapituitary action on brain and that both TRH and ethanol may interact with central cholinergic systems.