Double-Blind Clinical Assessment of Ribavirin (Virazole) in the Prevention of Induced Infection with Type B Influenza Virus

Abstract

The prophylactic effectiveness of oral administration of ribavirin (1-β-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, virazole) against artificially induced influenza B infection was evaluated in a double-blind clinical trial. Fifteen seronegative men received ribavirin capsules (600 mg/day in three divided doses), and 15 other men received placebo capsules two days before the inoculation of 6.4 x 104 50% tissue culture infective doses of influenza virus B/Georgia/26/74 and for eight days after challenge. Ten men (69%) in each of the two groups developed mild to severe influenzal illness. Of these, five placebo-treated men developed severe febrile illness, while only one drug-treated man had illness of comparable severity. Illness of moderate severity was observed in three placebo-treated controls and two drug recipients. There was no difference between the frequencies of isolation of virus or the antibody responses in the two groups. Ribavirin suppressed signs and symptoms induced by influenza B challenge, but its effectiveness was marginal.