The ethyl acetate extract of Tamarix aphylla galls was fractionated through extraction with ether into ether–soluble and ether–insoluble portions. The ether–soluble portion proved to contain isoferulic acid, the flavonol quercetin, its glucoside isoquercitrin, its methyl derivative tamarixetin and ellagic acid, in addition to a new optically inactive polyphenolic component of ellagitannin type. Free sugars contained in the ether–insoluble portion were isolated and clearly identified by paper chromatography as raffinose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, xylose and ribose. Some of the polyphenolic and flavonoid components present in the ether–insoluble portion of the ethyl acetate extract were isolated and identified as the optically active corilagin isomer juglanin, gallic acid, dehydrodigallic acid, isoquercitrin, tamarixin and ellagic acid.