Epidemiology of Urinary-Tract Infections

Abstract
THE treatment of chronic pyelonephritis is one of the most distressing problems in clinical medicine. Antimicrobial therapy has, in the main, been disappointing, particularly when patients have established abnormalities of the urinary tract or irreversible renal damage.1 , 2 The early detection, characterization and treatment of pyelonephritis is therefore of great importance if chronic disease is to be prevented.In recent years quantitation of bacteria in the urine has been shown to be the most useful means of detecting urinary-tract infections.3 4 5 6 7 This technic, combined with procurement of a fresh, clean-voided specimen of urine, has been widely employed to determine the prevalence of . . .