Recommended body mass index cutoff values for overweight screening programmes in Australian children and adolescents: Comparisons with North American values

Abstract

Objectives: Guidelines for screening children and adolescents for overweight have recently been published by a North American Expert Committee. As Australian clinicians might uncritically adopt these recommendations, we explore the consequences of applying North American body mass index (BMI) cutoff values to an Australian population. Methodology The Australian BMI cutoffs were calculated using the methods recommended from height and weight data for 8492 schoolchildren aged 7‐15 years old. Results Smoothed Australian BMI cutoffs were similar to those derived from the first United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES‐I) values for whites. However, the NHANES‐I cutoffs would result in systematic misclassification. Among 7 year olds, the NHANES‐I 85th percentile cutoff would wrongly classify 4.6% of normal males and 9.1% of normal females as ‘at risk of overweight’. At age 14 years, the NHANES‐I 95th percentile cutoff would misclassify 3.5% of children as ‘overweight’ instead of ‘at risk of overweight’. Conclusion Australian screening programmes should use BMI cutoffs appropriately derived from local measurements, and these are given for Australian children.