Pharmacological studies on crude plant drugs, Shikon and Tooki (III) Effect of topical application of ether extracts and Shiunko on inflammatory reaction

Abstract

Pharmacological effects of topical application of Shiunko, the main prescription of Shikon (Lithospermum officinale var. erythrorhizon) were studied in comparison with that of ether extracts of Shikon and Tooki. Ointment of Shikon ether extract (50 mg/site) markedly inhibited the increased vascular permeability and acute edema induced by histamine, serotonin, bromelain, anti-rat rabbit serum and heat. It also inhibited the increase of local cutaneous temperature induced by phlogistic stimulation (UV irradiation and heat). On the other hand, it accelerated wound healing in rats. The activity of Shikon ether extract on the inflammatory reaction was the most potent at 0.2 .apprx. 0.1% ointment concentration and was diminished at higher or lower concentrations. Tooki extract inhibited slightly the acute inflammatory reaction, but had no effect on the increase of cutaneous temperature and wound healing in rats. Shiunko contains about 0.2% of Shikon and 0.04% of Tooki extract. The effect of Shiunko was similar to that of Shikon ether extract, but the activity was slightly more potent than that of Shikon. Shiunko inhibited rubor, calor and tumor in acute inflammatory reaction and promoted wound healing. Pigments of Shikon seem to have antibiotic activity. Shiunko is an effective ointment for cutaneous injuries.