Rotavirus Carriage, Asymptomatic Infection, and Disease in the First Two Years of Life. I. Virus Shedding

Abstract

From September 1979 to July 1980 inclusive, rotaviruses were prospectively detected by electron microscopy (EM) and ELISA in 82 (29%) of 283 children under two years of age who were admitted to a general pediatric ward in Paris. Rotavirus was found in 43 (36%) of 119 children with diarrhea and in 40 (24%) of 164 children without diarrhea; thus of 83 children shedding rotavirus, 40 (48%) were not diarrheic. Virus shedding that was not associated with diarrhea was observed in 71% of neonates, in 50% of one- to six-month-old children, and in 26% of 7–24-month-old children. Rotavirus shedding was statistically correlated (P < .01) only with those cases of diarrhea with fever and vomiting (DFV syndrome). Consequently, relative risk (RR) for the DFV syndrome in patients who were shedding virus was 2.07 (P < .001) vs. 0.95 for other types of diarrhea. These observations show that asymptomatic rotaviral infection is not an infrequent occurrence; that the association between rotavirus and diarrhea is not necessarily an etiologic one; and that the DFV syndrome appears as a major clinical expression of rotaviral disease. Consequently, recovery of rotavirus from feces is of little diagnostic significance since it does not give a differentiation between rotavirus-induced and rotavirus-associated diarrhea.