Tuberculosis of the larynx and trachea in very young children is considered rare. Such a disease process producing respiratory embarrassment in young children is almost unique. For these reasons, a case is being reported. REPORT OF A CASE A boy, C. F. M., 2 years and 8 months old, was admitted to the pediatric service of the Lawrence and Memorial Associated Hospitals on Aug. 17, 1938. He was suffering from moderate respiratory difficulty and had enlarged cervical glands. Family History.—The child's mother had active pulmonary tuberculosis. Two months before his admission to the hospital, she had experienced a hemoptysis. Both of her parents had had tuberculosis. Onset.—The child's illness began in February 1938 (seven months before admission), at which time he contracted bronchitis. After this he was more or less in ill health as a result of attacks of bronchitis. During the four months before admission, the cough had become