Interaction of Fine Particles and Nanoparticles with Red Blood Cells Visualized with Advanced Microscopic Techniques
Top Cited Papers
- 5 April 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Environmental Science & Technology
- Vol. 40 (14), 4353-4359
- https://doi.org/10.1021/es0522635
Abstract
So far, little is known about the interaction of nanoparticles with lung cells, the entering of nanoparticles, and their transport through the blood stream to other organs. The entering and localization of different nanoparticles consisting of differing materials and of different charges were studied in human red blood cells. As these cells do not have any phagocytic receptors on their surface, and no actin-myosin system, we chose them as a model for nonphagocytic cells to study how nanoparticles penetrate cell membranes. We combined different microscopic techniques to visualize fine and nanoparticles in red blood cells: (I) fluorescent particles were analyzed by laser scanning microscopy combined with digital image restoration, (II) gold particles were analyzed by conventional transmission electron microscopy and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy, and (III) titanium dioxide particles were analyzed by energy filtering transmission electron microscopy. By using these differing microscopic techniques we were able to visualize and detect particles ≤0.2 μm and nanoparticles in red blood cells. We found that the surface charge and the material of the particles did not influence their entering. These results suggest that particles may penetrate the red blood cell membrane by a still unknown mechanism different from phagocytosis and endocytosis.Keywords
This publication has 33 references indexed in Scilit:
- Cardiovascular Effects of Fine and Ultrafine ParticlesJournal of Aerosol Medicine, 2005
- Nanoparticles – known and unknown health risksJournal of Nanobiotechnology, 2004
- Investing in nanotechnologyNature Biotechnology, 2003
- Commercializing nanotechnologyNature Biotechnology, 2003
- Respiratory effects are associated with the number of ultrafine particles.American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1997
- The effect of particle inhalation on macrophage number and phagocytic activity in the intrapulmonary conducting airways of hamsters.American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 1994
- Pulmonary Retention of Ultrafine and Fine Particles in RatsAmerican Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 1992
- Surfactant displaces particles toward the epithelium in airways and alveoliRespiration Physiology, 1990
- Particle Retention in Airways by SurfactantJournal of Aerosol Medicine, 1990
- Lung Macrophages: How Many Kinds Are There? What Do They Do?American Review of Respiratory Disease, 1988