Aldose‐Reductase‐ and Protein‐Glycation‐Inhibitory Principles from the Whole Plant of Duchesnea chrysantha

Abstract

Ellagic acid (1), 3,3′‐di‐O‐methylellagic acid (2), 3,3′,4‐tri‐O‐methylellagic acid (3), isovitexin (4), kaempferol 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucuronide methyl ester (5), quercetin 3‐O‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (6), ursolic acid, pomolic acid, tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, euscaphic acid 28‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, and maslinic acid were isolated from the AcOEt‐ and BuOH‐soluble MeOH extract of Duchesnea chrysantha (whole plant). The isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activity on rat‐lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The ellagic acids and flavonoids, compounds 1–6, exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on RLAR. However, compounds 1 and 4–6 showed excellent inhibitory activities towards the formation of AGEs. This is the first report that 4 and 6 exhibit inhibitory activity towards AR and AGEs formation.