Effect of Uterosacral Ligament Suspension vs Sacrospinous Ligament Fixation With or Without Perioperative Behavioral Therapy for Pelvic Organ Vaginal Prolapse on Surgical Outcomes and Prolapse Symptoms at 5 Years in the OPTIMAL Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Quiz Ref ID Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is downward descent of the female bladder, uterus, or posthysterectomy vaginal cuff and the small or large bowel, resulting in protrusion of the vagina, uterus, or both.¹ Vaginal surgical repairs of POP are effective and relatively low-risk operations, and the lifetime risk of any primary surgery for POP is 20.0% by the age of 80 years.^2,3 Given the aging population in the United States, the number of women experiencing POP will increase by approximately 50% by 2050.⁴ Outcome studies more than 2 years after vaginal surgery are rare and limited by retrospective, noncomparative designs and poor follow-up.^5,6