1. Thirty-two patients with Mediterranean anemia were studied in Thailand. The diagnotic criteria are presented. All cases fulfilled these requirements. 2. In addition to the classical blood findings, the following observations are presented: (a) fetal hemoglobin, (b) erythrocytic inclusion bodies, (c) liver function tests. 3. Eighty-four per cent of the patients studied were found to have abnormally high amounts of fetal hemoglobin. 4. The inclusion bodies observed in four cases (case histories included) are presented and discussed. 5. Tests for liver function, plasma protein fractions, cephalin cholesterol flocculation, bromsulfalein retention, and bilirubin are reported for twenty patients. 6. A consideration of the effects of splenectomy on the clinical and hematologic status in Mediterranena anemia is presented.