2,2‘,5,5‘-Tetramethyl-4,4‘-bis(diphenylphoshino)-3,3‘-bithiophene: A New, Very Efficient, Easily Accessible, Chiral Biheteroaromatic Ligand for Homogeneous Stereoselective Catalysis

Abstract

The four-step straightforward synthesis of enantiopure (+)- and (−)-2,2‘,5,5‘-tetramethyl-4,4‘-bis(diphenylphoshino)-3,3‘-bithiophene (tetraMe-BITIOP), a new C₂-symmetry chelating ligand for transition metals, is described, starting from 2,5-dimethylthiophene. The complexes of this electron-rich diphosphine with Ru(II) and Rh(I) were used as catalysts in some homogeneous hydrogenation reactions of prostereogenic carbonyl functions of α- and β-ketoesters, of prostereogenic carbon−carbon double bonds of substituted acrylic acids, and of N-acetylenamino acids. The enantiomeric excesses were found to be excellent in all the experiments and comparable with the best results reported in the literature for the same reactions, carried out under similar experimental conditions, with the metal complexes of the most popular chiral diphosphine ligands as catalysts.