Production of Dislocations in Germanium by Thermal Shock

Abstract

Dislocations introduced into single crystals of germanium grown by the Czochralski technique have been studied. It was found that most of the dislocations do not originate during growth, but are produced after growth as a result of thermal shock. Thermal stresses resulting from nonuniform temperature gradients during growth seem to have little or no effect on the dislocation density and distribution.