Computer Assisted Tomography in Methotrexate Encephalopathy

Abstract

Five children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) developed encephalopathy following treatment with intrathecal or intraventricular methotrexate (MTX). In these patients computer assisted tomography was informative by revealing areas of decreased attenuation coefficient located periventricularly and in each centrum semiovale (3 cases) and calcifications, mostly in the deep and cortical gray matter (2 cases), as well as ventricular dilation (4 cases). Contrast injection used in 1 of these 5 patients, as well as in another child (not affected by ALL) with MTX encephalopathy, failed to reveal enhancement.