Abstract
The article discusses the future of industrial districts in a post‐Fordist ‘learning economy’. It argues that the core of the question is related to the collective learning capacity of small and medium sized enterprises in industrial districts. In the article factors enabling and constraining the formation of a sufficient learning capacity are discussed. Special attention is paid to the role and function of the specific ‘Marshallian’ characteristics of industrial districts in securing a successful transformation of the districts into ‘learning regions’.

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