Atom Interferometry with Bose-Einstein Condensates in a Double-Well Potential

Abstract

A trapped-atom interferometer was demonstrated using gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates coherently split by deforming an optical single-well potential into a double-well potential. The relative phase between the two condensates was determined from the spatial phase of the matter wave interference pattern formed upon releasing the condensates from the separated potential wells. Coherent phase evolution was observed for condensates held separated by $13\mu \mathrm{m}$ for up to 5 ms and was controlled by applying ac Stark shift potentials to either of the two separated condensates.