Cytological Studies on the Effect of Herbicides on Plant Cells in vivo

Abstract

The effect of 12 non-hormone herbicides were examined mainly on the hair cells of Tradescantia, stipular cells of Vicia, pollen grain mitoses of Tradescantia, and petal cells of Allium by in vivo observations; root tip cells of Triticum were examined in fixed preparations. Among the chemicals, PCP, ATA and 3cl-IPC induces suppression of spindle development at mitosis in various degrees; 3cl-IPC shows a colchicine-like effect. According to reaction type, the non-hormone herbicides except TCA are classified into 4 types: coagulation of protoplasm occurs by treatment with DNOSBP, CDAA, Fw-450, Fw-734 and PCP solutions in high concentrations; injurious effects are induced on metabolic cells by treatment with DPA, CMU, CAT and ATA solutions; treatment with 3cl-IPC and PCP solutions in low concentrations and ATA in high concentrations causes mitotic aberrations; inhibition of mitosis occurs in MH 30. Some herbicides differ significantly in their effect upon monocots as contrasted with dicots.