Electrostatic energy analyzer using a nonuniform axial magnetic field

Abstract

Electrostatic electron energy analysis in a strong magnetic field using conventional retarding‐field methods may be inaccurate, because these devices discriminate against parallel momentum and not total energy. We show how a magnetic‐field minimum at the point of minmum potential can remove this difficulty. Examples of elastic and inelastic electron–atom scattering, and of electron energy loss in a plasma, are given.