Percutaneous Pericardial Instrumentation for Catheter Ablation of Focal Atrial Tachycardias Arising from the Left Atrial Appendage

Abstract
Focal atrial tachycardias originating from the left atrial appendage present unique anatomic challenges for successful ablation. We describe the role of minimally invasive percutaneous epicardial mapping and ablation in the management of two patients with ectopic atrial tachycardias arising from the left atrial appendage following failure of a conventional endocardial approach to achieve cure.