The E2-E3 interaction in the N-end rule pathway: the RING-H2 finger of E3 is required for the synthesis of multiubiquitin chain

Abstract

We dissected physical and functional interactions between the ubiquitin‐conjugating (E2) enzyme Ubc2p and Ubr1p, the E3 component of the N‐end rule pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The binding of the 20 kDa Ubc2p by the 225 kDa Ubr1p is shown to be mediated largely by the basic residue‐rich (BRR) region of Ubr1p. However, mutations of the BRR domain that strongly decrease the interaction between Ubr1p and Ubc2p do not prevent the degradation of N‐end rule substrates. In contrast, this degradation is completely dependent on the RING‐H2 finger of Ubr1p adjacent to the BRR domain. Specifically, the first cysteine of RING‐H2 is required for the ubiquitylation activity of the Ubr1p–Ubc2p complex, although this cysteine plays no detectable role in either the binding of N‐end rule substrates by Ubr1p or the physical affinity between Ubr1p and Ubc2p. These results defined the topography of the Ubc2p–Ubr1p interaction and revealed the essential function of the RING‐H2 finger, a domain that is present in many otherwise dissimilar E3 proteins of the ubiquitin system.