NMR Determination of Fluorine Position in Mineral Hydroxyapatite

Abstract
The position of fluoride ions occurring as minority in hydroxyapatite has been determined by means of nuclear magnetic resonance. The fluoride ions form magnetic resonance part of the linear chains of hydroxyl ions in one of the configurations OH-F-vacancy or OH-F-HO. A fluoride ion in this position will block diffusion along these chains. This may help to understand how very small amounts of fluoride are able to reduce the development of caries.