Emergence of a new epidemic/epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in South America.
Open Access
- 6 June 1995
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Vol. 92 (12), 5278-5281
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.12.5278
Abstract
One of the most important questions in arbovirology concerns the origin of epidemic Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viruses; these viruses caused periodic, extensive epidemics/epizootics in the Americas from 1938-1973 (reaching the United States in 1971) but had recently been presumed extinct. We have documented the 1992 emergence of a new epidemic/epizootic VEE virus in Venezuela. Phylogenetic analysis of strains isolated during two outbreaks indicated that the new epidemic/epizootic virus(es) evolved recently from an enzootic VEE virus in northern South America. These results suggest continued emergence of epizootic VEE viruses; surveillance of enzootic viruses and routine vaccination of equines should therefore be resumed.Keywords
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- A Comparison of the Nucleotide Sequences of Eastern and Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses with Those of Other Alphaviruses and Related RNA VirusesVirology, 1993
- Attenuating mutations in the E2 glycoprotein gene of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: Construction of single and multiple mutants in a full-length cDNA cloneVirology, 1991
- Molecular evolution of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in North AmericaVirology, 1991
- Structure of the Ockelbo virus genome and its relationship to other sindbis virusesVirology, 1991
- Complete sequence of the genomic RNA of O'Nyong-Nyong virus and its use in the construction of alphavirus phylogenetic treesVirology, 1990
- The full-length nucleotide sequences of the virulent Trinidad donkey strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and its attenuated vaccine derivative, strain TC-83Virology, 1989
- Comparative Immunological and Biochemical Analyses of Viruses in the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis ComplexJournal of General Virology, 1983
- Antigenic analysis of the surface glycoproteins of a Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (TC-83) using monoclonal antibodiesVirology, 1982
- Isolation and characterization of hybrid cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies directed against the structural proteins of sindbis virusVirology, 1980
- VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITISScience, 1938