Association of Bone Mineral Density with Apolipoprotein E Phenotype
- 1 September 1997
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
- Vol. 12 (9), 1438-1445
- https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.9.1438
Abstract
The phenotypes of apolipoprotein E (Apo E) and their relationship with the bone mineral density (BMD) were examined in 284 unrelated postmenopausal Japanese women aged 47-82 years (64.0 +/- 1.0 years, mean +/- SE). The Apo E phenotype was analyzed by the isoelectric focusing method, followed by immunoblotting. The relationship between the Apo E phenotype and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene or estrogen receptor (ER) gene genotypes was also studied in the same population. The Apo E phenotypic frequencies in our population were 9.9% for E3/2, 66.5% for E3/3, 1.8% for E4/2, 19.7% for E4/3, and 2.1% for E4/4. We classified these phenotypes into three categories: Apo E4-/- (E3/2 and E3/3, n = 217, Apo E4 +/- (E4/3 and E4/2, n = 61), and Apo E4+/+ (E4/4, n = 6). The age, body weight, body height, and years since menopause were not significantly different among these three categories. The lumbar BMD values in these three groups were significantly different in the order of E4-/- (0.91 +/- 0.01 g/cm2), E4 +/- (0.85 +/- 0.02 g/cm2), and E4+/+ (0.83 +/- 0.06 g/cm2) (p = 0.031). The same trend was also observed for the Z score of the total BMD (p = 0.022). The serum level of intact osteocalcin in E4+/+ (15.2 +/- 5.7 ng/ml) was higher than in E4-/- (7.7 +/- 0.3 ng/ml) or E4 +/- (7.7 +/- 0.7 ng/ml) (p = 0.004 by analysis of variance). However, there were no other significant differences in the serum or urinary levels of bone turnover markers. Serum cholesterol in the E4+/+ group tended to be higher than in the other two groups (p = 0.05). There were no significant associations of the VDR and ER genotypes with the Apo E4 phenotype. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed Apo E4 to be a significant, independent predictor of the Z score of the lumbar BMD. The effect of the Apo E4 allele on the Z score of the lumbar BMD (-0.493 +/- 0.152) was not significantly different from that in the AAB of VDR (-0.616 +/- 0.225) or PPxx of ER (-0.785 +/- 0.314). In conclusion, the Apo E4 allele is associated with a low bone mass in postmenopausal Japanese.Keywords
This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- Association of bone mineral density with polymorphism of the estrogen receptor geneJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 1996
- Association of Estrogen Receptor Dinucleotide Repeat Polymorphism with OsteoporosisBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1995
- Gene Dose of Apolipoprotein E Type 4 Allele and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Late Onset FamiliesScience, 1993
- Menatetrenone inhibits bone resorption partly through inhibition of PGE2 synthesis in vitroJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 1993
- Relation of coronary heart disease and apolipoprotein E phenotype in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes.BMJ, 1991
- Impairment of gamma carboxylation of circulating osteocalcin (bone gla protein) in elderly womenJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 1991
- Genetic determinants of bone mass in adult women: A reevaluation of the twin model and the potential importance of gene interaction on heritability estimatesJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 1991
- Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis: An Official Journal of the American Heart Association, Inc., 1988
- Genetic determinants of bone mass in adults. A twin study.JCI Insight, 1987
- A racial difference in apolipoprotein E allele frequencies between the Japanese and Caucasian populationsClinical Genetics, 1986