Condensation Pressure Drop in Circular Microchannels

Abstract

This paper presents a multiple flow-regime model for pressure drop during the condensation of refrigerant R134a in horizontal microchannels. Two-phase pressure drops were measured in five circular channels ranging in hydraulic diameter from 0.5 mm to 4.91 mm. For each tube under consideration, pressure drop measurements were first taken over the entire range of qualities from 100% vapor to 100% liquid for five different refrigerant mass fluxes between 150 kg/m²-s and 750 kg/m²-s. Results from the previous work by the authors on condensation flow mechanisms in microchannel geometries were used to assign the applicable flow regime to the data points. Pressure drop models for intermittent [1] Garimella, S. , Killion, J. D. and Coleman, J. W. 2002. An Experimentally Validated Model for Two-Phase Pressure Drop in the Intermittent Flow Regime for Circular Microchannels. Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 124: 205–214. [CSA] [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar] and annular [2] Garimella, S. , Agarwal, A. and Coleman, J. W. 2003. “Two-Phase Pressure Drops in the Annular Flow Regime in Circular Microchannels”. In 21st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, ICR0360 [Google Scholar] flow reported earlier by the authors were modified and combined to develop a comprehensive model that addresses the entire progression of the condensation process from the vapor phase to the liquid phase. This combined model accurately predicts condensation pressure drops in the annular, disperse wave, mist, discrete wave, and intermittent flow regimes. Overlap and transition regions between the respective regimes are also addressed using an appropriate interpolation technique that results in relatively smooth transitions between the predicted pressure drops. The resulting model predicts 82% of the data within ± 20%.