Forty-nine cases of primary keratophakia and 13 cases of secondary keratophakia were analyzed for postoperative astigmatism. For primary cases, the surgically induced astigmatism was 1.55 D, whereas for secondary cases it was 0.19 D (insignificant). There was a tendency for both procedures to induce against-the-rule astigmatism, and both procedures were found capable of producing irregular astigmatism.