Decreased Stability of Transforming Growth Factor β Type II Receptor mRNA in RER+ Human Colon Carcinoma Cells

Abstract

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a potent inhibitor of cell growth and tumor progression. Previous work has shown that loss of functional TGF-β type II receptor (RII) due to a frameshift mutation in the 5‘ half of the RII gene leads to TGF-β resistance in a highly progressed, RER⁺ human colon carcinoma cell line designated HCT116. Expression of this mutated RII gene was highly repressed in RER⁺ cell lines such as HCT116 and RKO, as analyzed by RNase protection assays. Nuclear run-on and RII promoter−reporter (CAT) assays showed that the transcriptional levels of the RII gene in these RER⁺ cells were not reduced, compared to RII-expressing cells. However, the half-lives of the RII mRNA, as analyzed by RNase protection assays following actinomycin D treatment, were significantly decreased. This suggested that the decreased expression of the RII gene mutant was due to decreased mRNA stability. Furthermore, RII mRNA from HCT116 transfected with wild-type RII had a longer half-life than the endogenous mutated RII mRNA. A dominant negative RII mutant, which encodes a similarly truncated RII protein as HCT116 but lacks the extensive 3‘ untranslated region of RII mRNA, gave the same half-life as endogenous wild-type RII mRNA. We conclude that the frameshift mutation which results in a premature stop codon in the 5‘ half of the mRNA transcript accounts for the reduced RII mRNA levels in RER⁺ cells.