Acute and embryo-larval toxicity of phenolic compounds to aquatic biota
- 1 January 1980
- journal article
- Published by Springer Nature in Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
- Vol. 9 (5), 557-568
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01056935
Abstract
Because of the prevalence of phenolic compounds in various types of effluents, both acute and embryo-larval bioassays were performed on eight phenolic compounds with rainbow trout, fathead minnows andDaphnia pulicaria. In flow-through bioassays, the 96-hr LC50 values for rainbow trout and fathead minnows ranged from 100 mg/L for resorcinol.Daphnia pulicaria was consistently the least sensitive species tested as measured in 48-hr bioassays, while fathead minnows and rainbow trout varied in their relative sensitivity to phenolics as measured in 96-hr tests. Fathead minnows were more sensitive to phenol at 25°C than at 14°C. In embryo-larval bioassays with phenol, fathead minnow growth was significantly reduced by 2.5 mg/L phenol, while rainbow trout growth was significantly reduced by 0.20 mg/L phenol. For both species the embryolarval effects concentration was 1.1% of the 96-hr LC50. Another embryolarval bioassay was attempted withp-benzoquinone, a highly toxic phenolic compound found in fossil fuel processing wastewaters, which was discontinued because the compound was rapidly degraded chemically or biologically in the headtank and aquaria.Keywords
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