Cathepsin B/L‐, elastase‐, tryptase‐, trypsin‐ and dipeptidyl peptidase IV‐like activities in gingival crevicular fluid: Correlation with clinical parameters in untreated chronic periodontitis patients

Abstract

20 untreated chronic periodontitis patients were given a full periodontal examination, including measurements of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI), bleeding index (BI) and plaque index (Pl.I.). At a second visit, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected on filter paper strips from the deepest accessible probing site of each tooth. GCF volumes were determined and the samples eluted into buffer. Protease activities in the resulting eluates were assayed with peptidyl derivatives of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin (AFC). Cathepsin B/L-like activity was determined with Bz-Val-Lys-Lys-Arg-AFC, elastase-like activity with MeOSuc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-AFC, tryptase-like activity with Z-Ala-Ala-Lys-AFC, trypsin-like activity with Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AFC and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV-like activity with Ala-Pro-AFC. Total enzyme activities and enzyme concentrations both correlated positively with all clinical parameters in linear regression analysis. This was true on both a patient level, using mean patient values, and a site level, using either individual patient or pooled patient data. Most of these correlations were statistically significant, although the proportion was greater for total enzyme activity than concentration. With total activities, correlations with different enzymes and parameters generally followed the order: cathepsin B/L-greater than elastase- greater than DPP IV- greater than trypsin- greater than tryptase-like activity and PD greater than CAL greater than GI greater than BI greater than Pl.I respectively. Total enzyme activities had good diagnostic specificity and sensitivity as predictors of clinical parameters in this cross-sectional study, suggesting that GCF proteases might provide useful information on the periodontal condition.