Binding of protein chemotactic factors to the surfaces of neutrophil leukocytes and its modification with lipid-specific bacterial toxins
- 1 June 1978
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Nature in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
- Vol. 20 (1), 25-40
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00229452
Abstract
Summary The binding to neutrophil leukocytes of human serum albumin (HSA), which is chemokinetic for leukocytes, i.e. influences their rate of locomotion, and of alkali-denatured HSA, which is chemotactic for leukocytes, i.e. influences their direction of locomotion, was studied. Native serum albumin showed low affinity binding to the neutrophil surface. Denatured serum albumin showed saturable binding with a Ka of approximately 106 litres per mole to about 106 binding sites per cell. Another protein chemotactic factor, αs-casein, gave similar binding. These results exclude that chemotactic reactions to denatured proteins are mediated in a completely non-specific manner and suggest the presence on the cell of a restricted number of defined recognition sites. Binding was reduced following treatment of the cells with either of two lipid-specific bacterial toxins, perfringolysin, the θ-toxin of Clostridium perfringens, an oxygen-labile cholesterol-specific toxin, and Staphylococcus aureus Sphingomyelinase C. Both have previously been shown to reduce chemotactic reactions and both were used at doses which did not reduce cell viability. These results suggest an important, and possibly direct, role for membrane lipid in the binding sites for chemotactic factors. Visual analysis of the behaviour of perfringolysin-treated neutrophils showed that these cells were still capable of chemotactic locomotion. The cells appeared to be less efficient than normal in detecting chemotactic gradients only when at a distance from the gradient source, a finding which is consistent with reduced binding of the chemotactic factor to the cell surface.Keywords
This publication has 46 references indexed in Scilit:
- Distinct chemokinetic and chemotactic responses in neutrophil granulocytesEuropean Journal of Immunology, 1978
- The role of cytoplasmic microtubules in polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxisExperimental Cell Research, 1976
- Polymorphonulcear leukocyte chemotaxis toward oxidized lipid components of cell membranes.The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1975
- Inhibition of leukocyte locomotion and chemotaxis by lipid-specific bacterial toxinsNature, 1975
- Surface and cell membrane activities of leukocyte chemotactic factorsNature, 1974
- The molecular requirements for chemotactic attraction of leucocytes by proteins. Studies of proteins with synthetic side groupsEuropean Journal of Immunology, 1972
- Chemistry and biology of the anaphylatoxin related serum peptide system. III. Evaluation of leucotactic activity as a property of a new peptide system with classical anaphylatoxin and cocytotaxin as componentsEuropean Journal of Immunology, 1972
- Chemistry and biology of the anaphylatoxin related serum peptide system. II. Purification, crystallization and properties of cocytotaxin, a basic peptide from rat serumEuropean Journal of Immunology, 1972
- Chemistry and biology of the anaphylatoxin related serum peptide system. I. Purification, crystallization and properties of classical anaphylatoxin from rat serumEuropean Journal of Immunology, 1972
- The production by antigen-stimulated lymphocytes of a leukotactic factor distinct from migration inhibitory factorCellular Immunology, 1970