A general discussion of the psychoanalytic orientation in psychotherapy may encompass all of psychotherapy or be limited to more modest aims. In this paper an attempt will be made to define terms, to differentiate the psychoanalytic orientation in psychotherapy from other orientations, to describe briefly the techniques of this form of therapy, and to differentiate these techniques from the technique of psychoanalysis. Modifying somewhat the definition formulated in a previous paper,1I regard psychotherapy as an organized, conscious, purposeful, scientific effort on the part of the therapist to influence by psychological methods, i. e., primarily by words and behavior, the state of mind (and of body) of a patient, to the end that symptoms and disease syndromes may be ameliorated or cured. What the therapist does may be active, in the sense of doing something to the patient, or passive, as in listening to the patient; but, in either