Oxaliplatin in practice

Abstract

Oxaliplatin, a new third-generation platinum complex, is active in the treatment of colorectal and advanced ovarian cancers, both as monotherapy and in combination therapy. It has demonstrated a very good safety profile, characterized by low haematotoxicity, and moderate and manageable gastrointestinal toxicity. No significant renal or ototoxicities have been observed. Oxaliplatin induces a peripheral sensory neuropathy which is characterized by distal and perioral dysaesthesia, and is induced or exacerbated by the cold; in general, it is regressive between cycles of treatment. This dose-limiting toxicity is cumulative, but reversible within a few months of discontinuation of treatment in the majority of cases. In a cohort study of 490 patients with advanced colorectal cancer included in an extended access programme, more than 2700 cycles of oxaliplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were administered. The overall safety profile of oxaliplatin was shown to be very favourable. Oxaliplatin and cisplatin, each in combination with cyclophosphamide, have a similar efficacy in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer, but oxaliplatin was better tolerated than cisplatin in terms of haematological, gastrointestinal, neurosensory and renal toxicities. The safety profile of oxaliplatin makes it an ideal candidate for combination therapy.