Pyrolytically spray-deposited tungsten trioxide films: dependence of electrochromic transmittance on crystallinity

Abstract
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) films prepared by spray pyrolysis at various temperatures and on various SnO2:F substrates were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and the results correlated to the electrochromic behaviour of the films. Films deposited onto polycrystalline SnO2:F films at a substrate temperature of 420 degrees C showed an electrochromic transmittance change of 90% in the near infrared. This strong colouration was associated with a randomly oriented film structure and a large crystallite size of the WO3 films.