Changes induced by aging and drug treatment on cerebral enzymatic antioxidant system

Abstract

The age-related modifications of the participants to the cerebral enzymatic antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) were evaluated in four brain regions from male Wistar rats aged 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 months. Both the specific enzyme activity and the profile of any enzyme tested markedly differ with age according to the region examined: parieto-temporal cortex, caudate-putamen, substantia nigra and thalamus. This inhomogeneous age-related profile of enzyme activities could explain both the controversial data of literature and the different regional vulnerability of the brain tissue to damage with aging. In rats aged 10, 20, or 30 months, the chronic i.p. treatment for two months with papaverine or ergot alkaloids (dihydroergocristine, dihydroergocornine, dehydroergocriptine) suggests that the antioxidant enzyme activities may be influenced according to the agent utilized, the brain region tested, and the age of the animal. In any case, small differences in the drug structure support marked differences in the type and extent of the intervention on the antioxidant enzymatic system.