Little research has been done assessing the cigarette smoking attitudes of lower socioeconomic students. In addition, there is a lack of information with respect to assessing the impact of health education programs on lower socioeconomic groups. The study was conducted in three lower socioeconomic elementary schools in a midwestern and eastern metropolitan area. All students involved in the study completed the attitude inventory. Both a pre-posttest design, and a Solomon Three Group Design were used to assess the cigarette smoking attitudes of lower socioeconomic sixth grade students after exposure to a special health program. The findings revealed that students exposed to the special health program developed more positive attitudes toward not smoking than students receiving their regular health instruction.