An atom laser based on evaporative cooling

Abstract

An atom laser is a device which would ideally produce a coherent excitation of a single mode of the Bose-atom field. That is to say, an atom laser field would have a well defined number of atoms, and a slow rate of phase diffusion. Here we consider an atom laser model recently proposed by Holland et al, based on evaporative cooling of atoms. We extend their model, and give approximate analytical results for the time-dependent intensity and phase statistics of the atom laser in different regimes. Although the intensity fluctuations may be relatively small, the laser linewidth is always in excess of the bare linewidth of the laser mode. Nevertheless, in one regime (weak collisions), the laser linewidth may be less than the output flux of atoms, which is a minimum requirement for considering the output to be coherent.