Cellulose functions in arid soil development

Abstract

Microorganisms play important roles in the transformation of cellulose to soil organic matter, which can affect the fate of this important plant polymer and thus influence the process of desertification. Cellulose releases and utilization by microbes are related to seasonal changes in the plant community. Herbage removal timing and intensity should be able to be managed to maximize production of this important polymer. In addition, the degradation of cellulose can be managed by physical and biological means to maximize accumulation and retention as stabilized soil organic matter. Physical variables include cellulosic litter placement, temperature, and soil moisture variations, all of which can affect decomposition. Biological approaches include control of nitrogen availability and chemical amendments to modify the biological community. A major goal will be to maintain fungal dominance, a vital factor in degradation of cellulose to more resistant organic matter. Microbial inocula can be used to modify the products of cellulose decomposition, which can result in the accumulation of more resistant cellulose decomposition products. Modification of the various stages of cellulose production, processing, and stabilization of soil organic matter can play a key role in managing and reversing the desertification process.