Mortality rates from cancer of the cervix uteri and all uterine cancer remarkably decreased in recent years in Louisville, Kentucky [USA]. For women aged 30-39 the decrease was 70.8%, and for ages 50-59, 69%. No change in rates was noted for women .gtoreq. 70 yr old. These changes correlate well with the success of recruitment for screening of women according to age. The high degree of success in screening the low socioeconomic quartile is of prime importance. The average annual age adjusted mortality for uterine cancer other than cervical also fell impressively. In contrast to Louisville, mortality from cervical cancer in England and Wales, with the exception of the younger age group, remained fairly constant over the past decade. Denmark showed no mortality decline from 1961-1971. Like England and Wales and unlike Louisville, screening there did not achieve high population coverage and the existing screening did not commence as early.