In a field experiment conducted at Florence, S. C., in 1960, a commercial Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner spore material containing 93 × 109 spores per gram gave good control of the tobacco hornworm (Protoparce sexta (Johannson)) and the tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens (F.)) on tobacco. Hand applications of the spore material, either undiluted or in a cornmeal bait, to the terminal buds gave as good or better control than sprays containing Thiodan® (6,7,8,9,10, 10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9,-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide), endrin, or Shell SD-4402 (1,3,4,5,6, 7,8,8-octachloro-8a,4, 7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanophthalan), but caused injury to tender foliage. A bacillus suspension spray was less phytotoxic and equal to the chemical insecticides in protecting the plants from the caterpillars. Combinations of the bacillus and either SD-4402 or Thiodan were usually no better than the bacillus alone.