A negative inotropic effect of acetylcholine in the presence of several phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Abstract
The phosphodiesterase inhibitors papaverine, theophylline and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) reveal a negative inotropic effect of acetylcholine in cat ventricular heart muscle. This effect is unrelated to β-adrenoceptor stimulation and possibly mediated by the accumulation of cyclic GMP.

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