Pionic Atom3d2pLine Shift and Width forCa40andCa44and the Neutron Distribution

Abstract
Ca44 was found to show both a smaller shift and width than Ca40 for the 3d2p pionic-atom x-ray transition. From this measurement and an optical-model analysis, it can be deduced that the neutron distribution at the surface of the Ca44 nucleus extends significantly beyond the proton distribution.