Several Neofabraea species are important branch canker and fruit rot pathogens of pome fruit. In Australia, N. alba is common, whereas other Neofabraea species are rarely seen. All Australian herbarium specimens for these latter species were re-examined and β-tubulin sequences obtained. Victorian collections were determined to be Neofabraea perennans, whereas two New South Wales collections and a Western Australian collection were an undescribed species of Neofabraea, previously known only from Portugal and Canada. Despite bl]References in the Australian literature, Neofabraea malicorticis was not found and is considered to be exotic to Australia.