ONE of the main aims of tympanoplasty is reconstruction of the ossicular chain, which, in the majority of cases, is defective. The necessity for reconstruction is clearly presented by Sheehy.7 Hall and Rytzner (1957),2 Hough,4 Portmann,5 Zöllner,8 and Cerny1 have shown that a freely transplanted piece of bone, at least the size used by them, can survive under the special conditions of the middle ear and remain bone tissue (Hall and Rytzner, 19603). The bone used may be a part of the ossicular chain or cortical bone obtained in the operative field. The present paper is a report on my experience with autogenious bone graft for the reconstruction of the ossicular chain. Techniques of Reconstruction If tympanoplasty is feasible I use two main types of reconstruction, the choice between them depending on the presence or absence of the stapes superstructure. 1. Technique With